What is it?
The Conscription Referendum was a national public vote held in Australia to decide whether the government should have the power to compulsorily enlist men to fight overseas, not just defend Australia at home.
At the time, the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) was entirely made up of volunteers, because compulsory military service was limited to service within Australia only.
There were two referendums declared, once in 1916 and another in 1917. Though both of the referendums resulted “No” ,those votes were closely contested, reflecting how deeply country was divided.
Many people wanted to protect Australia and secure a better future but believed conscription was unfair or unjust. Others believed in the right to choose for themselves whether to fight, valuing personal freedom. This division caused serious splits within families, political parties, and even the government itself.
Anti-Conscription Rally
Anti-conscription referendum rally, Yarra Bank, Melbourne
This photo shows a massive anti-conscription rally at Yarra Bank, Melbourne, on 16 April 1916. Thousands of people gathered to protest the government’s plan to force men to fight overseas in World War I.
It shows how strongly many Australians opposed conscription and stood up for their right to choose. There were many people including politicians were arguing and protesting that they should have rights to choose.
This image captures the powerful public voice that helped signify the result of the referendum. This rally also showed the strength of the public opposition, with the protests of about 30 000 people. This picture shows only glimpse of the protest.
